Hey Samio,
In Short, Yes! It depends upon how short you are talking about. If you go down to 25m, you will notice that the kite seems a bit quicker and has a little less power but the top end will increase by a few knots. Jump timing gets quicker and the kite will feel better in general.
Going to 20m lines makes about a kite size difference and the kite becomes quite fast as it goes back and forth through the wind window. Kite loops become pretty awesome on 20m lines. Expect a 12m kite to feel and respond like a 10m.
Going down to 15m is about as short as you should go as the only thing they are really good for is scary kiteloops and super fast overpowered wave riding. It will likely change the kite wind range down approx two kite sizes ie 12m will feel like an 8m. The power becomes really eratic hence the need to ride them overpowered. Jumping beomes difficult as the kite is so fast and the power zone so small that you will lose height and hangtime in a big way.
Average "short line" length is around 18-22m. I recommend 20m as a minimum. It is noticeably different and still fun, but you lose lots of bottom end so be prepared on the lighter days. I usually have two bars, one with 30's for lighter winds and one with 20's for normal riding in more powered conditions.
Also, on really short lines ie 15m, pumping your kite leading edge a bit harder may be necessary as the angle of the lines to the bar becomes wider and tends to "draw" the wingtips together more.
Hope this helps,