salt said...
It is very dangerous to be misinformed and publicly post: "don't bother with breathing", "can keep you alive a couple of hours".
I did a First aid course this week.
You can keep someone alive indefinitely with CPR. Someone had CPR performed on them for 12hrs. You Do Not Stop CPR until a medic/nurse/Dr arrives. Breaths and compressions will keep someone alive.
They will not be revived without a defibrillator. What you see in movies is false. Someone will not "wake up" with CPR alone.
30 compressions (2 compressions per second), 2 (1 second) breaths... continue
Artificial breaths are being considered taken out of the standard CPR protocol for a number of reasons, the most important being that people are reluctant to help if it involves mouth to mouth. The most important thing is to keep circulation going. If you want to apply breaths, thats fine and will certainly do no harm to whoever you are helping. But applying compressions only is easier for many people and encourages them to help where they normally wouldn't. You're applying negative pressure to the lungs when you compress, which results in forced air entry into the lungs. Not to mention the air getting in is 21% oxygen (approx 120 mm Hg) vs mouth breaths, which may create higher inspiratory pressures, but are closer to 10% oxygen (70mm hg or less). This applies less if there is mechanical obstruction to the lungs (water, inhaled sputum, etc) in which case applying positive pressure is still indicated.
Applying compressions is hard. Proper compressions that create proper circulation need to be done at around 100 beats per minute (1.5 compressions a second). The average fit and healthy person can usually do it effectively for about 5 minutes before having to get someone else to come in and switch.
So yes, I stand by my original comment. If you want to help and are forced to do one thing and nothing else, apply compressions.
Down times over 10 minutes or more usually result in death. The biggest predictive factor of someone surviving an out-of-hospital arrest is the time it takes them to get to a defibrillator.