Going Upwind.... Faster!

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Trek
Trek
NSW
1244 posts
NSW, 1244 posts
9 Nov 2026 2:02pm
Chris 249 said..








Trek said..
My very successful use of VMG is Waypoint VMG. Same as used in aviation. I think some mix up of who defines what as what here!!










Aviation language isn't the same as sailing. Surely in normal sailing talk, the people who define what are the sailors. The people who use VMG in sailing with the most success - ie world titles, ACs, etc - use VMG as meaning TWA using the boat as reference. That's why there's terms like "VMG runner" for spinnakers, which would be utterly meaningless if the "VMG" referred to anything but TWA using the boat as reference.










VMG to a destination in aviation is not exactly the same as in sailing?? Please explain why it isnt?? "Surely in normal sailing talk, the people who define what are the sailors". I have sailed since 7yo I believe I am a sailor!!? And I have trophies. Some interesting facts on the subject:- Stan Honey, Volvo Race Winning Navigator" in his "Take your Polars Offshore" explains how sailors use VMG (VMC) to "Maximise boat speed to the mark". Sounds like aviation to me and sounds like my tactic. John Hoskins, famous offshore navigator, in a published interview explicitly describes using destination VMG though he calls it VMC also. Dennis Connor used VMG to destination, not simply trying to go upwind. Sailing World Shoot to the Finish. Dennis Connor specifically describes winning by using VMG to destination and NOT VMG upwind. All no reference to TWA. I believe those guys qualify as sailors!
Chris 249
Chris 249
NSW
3634 posts
NSW, 3634 posts
9 Nov 2026 4:11pm
I didn't say that you're not a sailor, but the point was that bringing in definitions from another activity doesn't mean that the definition is correct in sailing. The fact that a word means one thing in aviation doesn't mean that it has the same meaning in sailing, "boom" being just one obvious example.

While there are different uses of the term VMG, the most widespread one does seem to use wind as the measure. Even your own source in your earlier post said that velocity made good towards a mark or waypoint is "often more precisely called VMC (Velocity Made on Course)". So the source you bring up says that VMC is a better term for what you were doing. Why, then, do you get narked with those who use it?

Stan Honey, in that article, wrote "A common offshore strategy is to maximize your boatspeed to that next “mark.” We call this velocity made good to course (VMC)." So he was clearly referring to maximising boatspeed to the mark as VMC, not VMG. What Hoskins is descrbing in the Bodacious interview is what is normally called VMC. There's not the tiniest bit of evidence that John would say that it is the same as VMG and he didn't say it was. I can't find any reference to VMG in Connor's first two books. Where is it?

As far as other definitions, are major yacht instrument makers wrong in their definitions where they clearly and specifically differentiate VMG and VMC???
From B & G;

"VMC
A measure of speed towards a specific Mark or target, gives actual progress towards a specific point on a course. Often referred to as "VMG to Waypoint". If you see "VMG" on a GPS unit, it is really VMC.
VMG
A measure of your speed towards the wind. A boat sailing at 90 degrees to the wind has a VMG of zero, a boat sailing at 45 degrees to the wind at 10 knots Boat Speed has a VMG of just over 7 knots."

From Ockam;

"VMG is the Velocity Made Good along the direction of the wind. VMG is a positive quantity going upwind and a negative quantity going downwind."

"VMC is the Velocity Made good on Course towards a mark, a waypoint or any other destination. From a vector point of view, VMC is the component of boatspeed which measures progress directly toward or away from your destination......DO NOT CONFUSE VMC WITH VMG! The only time they are the same is when the bearing to the mark and the direction of the wind happen to be identical. Only then is VMC equal to VMG."

That's Ockam's capitalisation of "do not confuse VMC with VMG", by the way. It comes from their chapter on VMC, which is a completely different chapter to the one on VMG.

Re "and I have won trophies"

At what level and system? For example, winning under PHS has absolutely nothing to do with sailing well.

If by saying you've won trophies you mean you must be correct about definitions, which seems to be the implication, then would you admit that people who have won more trophies and at higher level are "more correct"? Or does winning trophies mean that you are correct, but others who win trophies are not correct? How does it all work?
shaggybaxter
shaggybaxter
QLD
2711 posts
QLD, 2711 posts
9 Nov 2026 6:28pm
Just to spice up the topic...😎
For downwind legs, I use negative VMG more than I use VMC.

VMC is good when I don't know the local tides/currents (as routing includes any leeway you are sailing in), but other than that it is a bit of a pain.
For one, you need to electronically tag your waypoints, assign an arrival zone, then some time later.....frantically scroll through waypoints whilst driving because you missed the bloody arrival zone...grr..
For two, when you are gybing downwind to a mark, your VMC is changing. All the time.
I also find I end up on a bigger digs out toward a layline on VMC mode, which Murphys law will most often reward with a bad wind shift.

VMG is easier.
Polars reference VMG, positive for upwind, negative for downwind. If you're sailing to your polars ( ie: optimal VMG), you sailing to VMG downwind, not just upwind.
VMG only changes with the wind changes (which you can feel), hence VMG is more intuitive and easier to steer to.
Often on a race course, you're on a near-axis DW leg. So you often have to get DDW for a stretch before you actually worry about laying the mark. That's VMG mode, not VMC.
So sailing to neg VMG I find more relevant, easier and more valuable. Hence why my earlier screenshot is negative VMG, that's my default for DW.

Of course, if the mark isn't DDW, and you can point at it, then not one of us gives a tinkers damn about V(insert favourite consonants here)!
dachopper
dachopper
WA
1825 posts
WA, 1825 posts
11 Nov 2026 11:34pm
brady said..
This is an awesome topic - thanks all contributors. A lot of wisdom and experience on display.

I sail a B14 skiff, where instruments are illegal during competiton. But for a while I've been contemplating having some instrumentation I can attach during training sessions so I can really get a better understanding of my best downwind angles (absolutely the key in these things). I'm in a rural area and frequently do not have any similar style boats to compare myself to. Does anyone have any suggestions for something easily mountable/removable, able to get solidly drowned in the inevitable high-speed stacks, and still pretty cheap? Not much to ask really...



Brady,

The simplest and cheapest thing to do , is to record the session on a device you already own that has GPS and then look at the data post session. At the moment, my webapplication will accept any GPX or Garmin FIT recording that you want to manually upload into it, and gives you data based on your best gybe or best tacks, which at their heart are the highest VMG numbers out of all tacks / gybes, and your Polar graph is corrected to these figures. I'm playing with some of the output files this week, and expect them to be in the webapp this weekend version 6.0

Here is an example of what the automatic data you can get looks like - end of session data ( not released verion 5.1 ).






shaggybaxter
shaggybaxter
QLD
2711 posts
QLD, 2711 posts
13 Nov 2026 5:50pm
Hi Dachopper,
I was reviewing your dashboard and just wanted to say.. well done!
I'm seeing a lot of 'Vibe coding' at the moment where people are using AI to generate dashboards of all sorts of stuff, like business performance dashboards, system monitoring dashboards, logistics dashboards to name a few.
AI is getting so good it has this propensity to generate a ridiculous amount of cool numbers, counters and graphs. Whilst this might be uber cool for a sys admin, this is far more likely to be a negative for the large majority of users, as it simply overloads your ability to digest.
I can see a lot of thought has gone into your dashboard to parse all of the noise and try and present useful and informative information.
Full credit to you mate, nice work.

One observation, just something that jumped off the page at me.
In the 'Best Tack and Best Gybe' section, I noted T7 was the best tack. The my brain went straight to "Hmmm. I wonder what were my Best 5 tacks? Were they all around T7? Were they completely random tacks? Were they all on the right hand side?"

I would find useful a Top 5 list of gybes/tacks. That would be a cool data set to have.
(Apologies if you do already and I'm just ignorant.)








dachopper
dachopper
WA
1825 posts
WA, 1825 posts
13 Nov 2026 6:53pm
shaggybaxter said..
Hi Dachopper,
I was reviewing your dashboard and just wanted to say.. well done!
I'm seeing a lot of 'Vibe coding' at the moment where people are using AI to generate dashboards of all sorts of stuff, like business performance dashboards, system monitoring dashboards, logistics dashboards to name a few.
AI is getting so good it has this propensity to generate a ridiculous amount of cool numbers, counters and graphs. Whilst this might be uber cool for a sys admin, this is far more likely to be a negative for the large majority of users, as it simply overloads your ability to digest.
I can see a lot of thought has gone into your dashboard to parse all of the noise and try and present useful and informative information.
Full credit to you mate, nice work.

One observation, just something that jumped off the page at me.
In the 'Best Tack and Best Gybe' section, I noted T7 was the best tack. The my brain went straight to "Hmmm. I wonder what were my Best 5 tacks? Were they all around T7? Were they completely random tacks? Were they all on the right hand side?"

I would find useful a Top 5 list of gybes/tacks. That would be a cool data set to have.
(Apologies if you do already and I'm just ignorant.)










Thanks Shaggy,

It has been an up mountain battle!
I've just uploaded sailracerpro.com 6.0 , probably 6.1 by end of today, and updated all linked Garmin watch apps to support.
However Garmin and Microsoft Servers are down for some odd reason.
I added auto-emailing of the session sumamry as soon as the website recieves it from the watch, but maybe another couple days for the servers to get fixed - everything looks ok on my end.

Hours of iterations to get the displays right for sailing !
There is a seperate one for kitesurf aimed at jumping, and I was thinking about parawinging but I'm not sure what info those guys are after exactly.

If you click on the sumamry card - it takes you to the Tack analysis sheet and cues up the replay at the selected Tack. At the moment, the view order is the replay order it occured in ( for tack analysis ) ,


but I also have a Data tab, which ranks all the tacks in order of best to worst, clicking syncs the replay

... also has a shape and grid view of the tack where you can go down the best -> worst list.


finally, I did a few tweeks to the summary colours also, Gold for PB, white otherwise.

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