utcminusfour said..
The load on the board in a catapult is really not that large because the board can sink underneath it.
I think this is a faulty argument. The mast is moving at very high velocity when it hits the board. Pushing the board under water would have to be near instantaneous .. which, according to Newton's second law, would require the transfer of rather large forces onto the board, especially since the board has to displace water to sink.
A somewhat comparable situation is breaking a board, which can be done even if the board is not being held at all:
utcminusfour said..
The masts I broke were from hooked in catapults where my body keeps moving as it enters the water but the sail stops suddenly. The masts did not break from colliding with the boards nose, they all broke at the clamp not the lower mast where they would hit the board.
I have had a few catapults, including some where I stayed hooked in, where I broke board noses and/or booms (or, best case scenario, just harness lines), but never had one where the mast broke. Something else was weaker

.
In your case, where the board nose was reinforced, I would
not necessarily expect the mast to break where it makes contact with the board. With the bottom of the mast stopping, the top will be subjected to a whiplash effect. That will be distributed over the top of the mast, but the boom clamp creates a sharp discontinuity, somewhat similar to the edge of the foot in the air break video above.
But let's say that you sail on gear that has been sufficiently reinforced somehow that nothing breaks even in a huge catapult. If something has to break and it's not your gear, it will probably be you. Personally, I'd rather fix or replace gear. I have had a few crashes where my body seemed to end up absorbing most of the forces, and I'd much rather fix a board nose, or even repair or replace a boom.
I'm not saying that board manufacturers could not perhaps do a better job at reinforcing. But that comes at an extra cost in money and/or weight, which some users who perhaps rarely crash may not want to pay.